The Andinia Plan is an antisemitic conspiracy theory that claims Jews want to establish a second Jewish and Zionist state in the Patagonia region, located across Argentina and Chile. This hoax is presented as a "secret plan" and, like many antisemitic conspiracy theories, is based on the myth that Jews accumulate power, money and influence in order to dominate strategic territories.
The theory was first outlined by the small nationalist party Frente Nacional Socialista Argentino (Argentine National Socialist Front), created by the sons of the infamous Nazi Adolf Eichmann following his 1960 capture and subsequent trial. In 1971, Argentine writer Walter Beveraggi Allende, an enthusiastic promoter of antisemitic and nationalist ideas, reintroduced the conspiracy into public discourse, adapting it to the interests of the anti-Peronist nationalism he espoused.
In Chile, ideologue Miguel Serrano, who held strong antisemitic and Holocaust-denying views, argued that the so-called "Andinia Plan" consisted of a Jewish government intending to seize Patagonia from Chile and Argentina in order to build a second Jewish state there.
A modern version of this theory claims that Israeli backpackers traveling through South America after completing their military service are actually soldiers in disguise on reconnaissance missions. According to this fictional narrative, their presence reinforces the supposed plan to survey the land and draw maps for a future occupation.
Promoting ideas related to The Andinia Plan is a clear example of the contemporary use of the age-old "Jewish conspiracy to rule the world" theory. This type of hate speech has spread among far-right groups as well as certain left-wing activists, including political figures in Chile and Argentina.